What books are popularly known by titles their original authors or publishers never gave them?

 There are several books that have become popularly known by titles other than what their original authors or publishers intended. Here are a few examples:


1. **"1984" by George Orwell:** The novel's original title was "The Last Man in Europe," but the publisher, Secker and Warburg, opted for the simpler and more memorable title "1984."


2. **"To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee:** Harper Lee's original title for the novel was "Go Set a Watchman." However, her editor suggested the title "To Kill a Mockingbird," which is a reference to an event in the story.

3. **"Catch-22" by Joseph Heller:** Heller wanted to title his novel "Catch-18," but Leon Uris had already released a book titled "Mila 18." The publisher suggested "Catch-11," but Heller eventually settled on "Catch-22."


4. **"The Great Gatsby" by F. Scott Fitzgerald:** Fitzgerald considered several titles, including "Trimalchio in West Egg" and "Among the Ash-Heaps and Millionaires," before settling on "The Great Gatsby."


5. **"Fahrenheit 451" by Ray Bradbury:** Bradbury's original title was "The Fireman," but the publisher wanted something more dynamic, so they chose "Fahrenheit 451" to represent the temperature at which book paper supposedly catches fire and burns.


These alternative titles are interesting glimpses into the creative process and the collaboration between authors and publishers.

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